摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">焊接不鏽鋼加工的缺陷</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">焊接不鏽鋼的程序與焊接軟鋼不同。大多數所有不鏽鋼都可以通過(guò)各種類(lèi)型的焊接進(jìn)行連接。為了幫助您找到*適合您的材料的材料，以下是每種不鏽鋼的可焊性等級和其他加工性能的細分。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">了解當焊接是防止它們的步可能發(fā)生的常見(jiàn)缺陷。焊接不鏽鋼與焊接標準碳鋼所要求的不同，除了少數例外。首先，必須對不鏽鋼加熱和冷卻進(jìn)行更多的關(guān)心和控製。其次，將填充金屬與被焊接的材料進(jìn)行正確匹配是非常重要的。</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">不鏽鋼*常見(jiàn)的焊接缺陷是開(kāi)裂。即使使用奧氏體不鏽鋼，*易焊接的所有不鏽鋼也有開(kāi)裂的危險。這是因為奧氏體鋼缺乏鐵素體，會(huì )溶解導致裂紋的有害雜質(zhì)。為了防止這些金屬中的龜裂，特彆是對於完全奧氏體結構，強烈建議選擇含鐵素體的填料。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">另一方麵，鐵素體不鏽鋼在焊接過(guò)程中可能由於過(guò)度的晶粒粗化而破裂，這導致熱影響區域的韌性差。焊接薄片時(shí)，不需要特彆的預防措施。然而，在較厚的材料或高度受限的接頭中，使用低熱量輸入可以使晶粒粗化區域的尺寸*小化並使開(kāi)裂敏感性*小化。同樣，使用奧氏體填料有助於生產(chǎn)更堅韌的焊接金屬。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">馬氏體鋼由於氫而非常容易發(fā)生冷裂紋，這也是低允許鋼經(jīng)曆的。開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險通常隨著(zhù)碳含量的增加而增加。馬氏體不鏽鋼開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險可以通過(guò)利用低氫焊接工藝如</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">TIG</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">或</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">MIG</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，或通過(guò)使用氫控製的填料來(lái)克服。此外，預焊接和焊後處理，特彆是對於較厚的部分和較高的碳材料，將有助於增強結構，使氫氣能夠從焊縫金屬擴散，並降低開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險。這也是低容許鋼的經(jīng)驗。開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險通常隨著(zhù)碳含量的增加而增加。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">馬氏體不鏽鋼開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險可以通過(guò)利用低氫焊接工藝如</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">TIG</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">或</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">MIG</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，或通過(guò)使用氫控製的填料來(lái)克服。此外，預焊接和焊後處理，特彆是對於較厚的部分和較高的碳材料，將有助於增強結構，使氫氣能夠從焊縫金屬擴散，並降低開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險。這也是低容許鋼的經(jīng)驗。開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險通常隨著(zhù)碳含量的增加而增加。馬氏體不鏽鋼開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險可以通過(guò)利用低氫焊接工藝如</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">TIG</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">或</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">MIG</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，或通過(guò)使用氫控製的填料來(lái)克服。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">此外，預焊接和焊後處理，特彆是對於較厚的部分和較高的碳材料，將有助於增強結構，使氫氣能夠從焊縫金屬擴散，並降低開(kāi)裂的風(fēng)險。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;">&nbsp;</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>