摘要：<p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">西安</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">不鏽鋼板材拉深過(guò)程中開(kāi)裂原因</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">拉伸奧氏體不鏽鋼板材有時(shí)會(huì )出現開(kāi)裂現象，而且每個(gè)現象不太一樣。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">有的是拉伸變形之後開(kāi)裂；有的是從凹模內退出時(shí)就立馬開(kāi)裂；有的是拉伸變形之後受到撞擊或振動(dòng)時(shí)開(kāi)裂；也有的是拉伸變形過(guò)後存放一段時(shí)間或使用過(guò)程中突然開(kāi)裂。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">其實(shí)開(kāi)裂原因主要是因為奧氏體不鏽鋼板材的延展性比較低、彈性模量</span>E<span style="font-family:宋體;">有點(diǎn)大，硬化指數比較高，而且從屈服到開(kāi)裂的塑性變形階段比較短。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">奧氏體不鏽鋼的冷作硬化指數相對比較高，而且是亞穩定型不鏽鋼，在變形時(shí)會(huì )發(fā)生相變，形成馬氏體組織。馬氏體相性比較脆，所以容易會(huì )開(kāi)裂。在塑性變形時(shí)，隨著(zhù)奧氏體相變形量的增大，誘發(fā)的馬氏體相含量也會(huì )隨著(zhù)變形量的增大而增多，殘餘應力也就越高。從而形成惡性循環(huán)，在拉伸過(guò)程中奧氏體不鏽鋼板材也就越容易出現開(kāi)裂現象。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">其實(shí)在奧氏體不鏽鋼板材的拉伸過(guò)程中還可以采取下列預防措施：</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">可以在凹、凸模之間塗上潤滑劑，產(chǎn)生一層具備一定的韌性和延展性的薄膜，這對奧氏體不鏽鋼板材的拉伸效果明顯。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">可以采用白口鑄鐵作為壓邊圈磨具，錐形壓邊圈也可以使用，因為白口鑄鐵的存油性能比較好，極易產(chǎn)生潤滑油膜。</span></span> </p> <p style="margin:0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:10.5pt;mso-spacerun:&quot;yes&quot;;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><span style="font-family:宋體;">把奧氏體不鏽鋼板材的邊緣加工光滑些，不能有微裂缺口，這樣有效避免開(kāi)裂。</span></span> </p>